Ballade of an Omnibus — Poem analysis

Amy LevyContemplative

"To see my love suffices me." --Ballades in Blue China.

Some men to carriages aspire; On some the costly hansoms wait; Some seek a fly, on job or hire; Some mount the trotting steed, elate. I envy not the rich and great, A wandering minstrel, poor and free, I am contented with my fate -- An omnibus suffices me.

In winter days of rain and mire I find within a corner strait; The 'busmen know me and my lyre From Brompton to the Bull-and-Gate. When summer comes, I mount in state The topmost summit, whence I see Crœsus look up, compassionate -- An omnibus suffices me.

I mark, untroubled by desire, Lucullus' phaeton and its freight. The scene whereof I cannot tire, The human tale of love and hate, The city pageant, early and late Unfolds itself, rolls by, to be A pleasure deep and delicate. An omnibus suffices me.

Princess, your splendour you require, I, my simplicity; agree Neither to rate lower nor higher. An omnibus suffices me.

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Everyone in Amy Levy's ballade is sorted by how they travel. The first stanza reads like a footman announcing guests: carriages, costly hansoms, hired "flies", the "trotting steed", each introduced by a lazy, repeated "some". Against this parade the speaker sets one flat declaration, "An omnibus suffices me." The central idea is that contentment doesn't depend on status, and that the cheapest seat in the city may give the best view of it.

The refrain does more than repeat. The epigraph, "To see my love suffices me", credited to *Ballades in Blue China*, is a line of romantic devotion, and Levy swaps the beloved for a public vehicle. It is a joke, but it has a point. By the third stanza we learn what the speaker really loves, which is looking. The omnibus becomes a moving seat at the theatre of London, where "the human tale of love and hate, / The city pageant, early and late / Unfolds itself, rolls by." That last pair of verbs lets the scene unfold like a story and roll like a wheel, so the city and the vehicle blur together. "A pleasure deep and delicate" is an exact description of this kind of enjoyment. It is quiet and unowned, and it depends on attention.

The form is strict. A ballade asks for three eight-line stanzas and a short closing envoi, with the same few rhymes recurring and a refrain ending each section. Levy uses only three rhyme sounds (-ire, -ate, -ee) and never breaks the pattern, which is part of the humour. A speaker who prizes freedom and simplicity has chosen an extremely disciplined shape, and wears it lightly. The sounds also sort the poem's values. "Aspire", "desire" and "require" cluster around wanting, while the "-ee" rhymes, "free", "see", "be", "agree", gather around what the speaker has. The lines are brisk iambic tetrameter, eight syllables each, and that steady beat suits a vehicle that trots through the streets. The longer rhymes, "compassionate" and "delicate", add a mock-grand flourish.

That mock-grandeur is the poem's main tone. The speaker is a "wandering minstrel" with a "lyre", who "mounts in state" to a "topmost summit", all of which describes climbing onto the upper deck of a bus. Crœsus and Lucullus, names that stand for fabulous wealth and luxury, turn the rich of the day into types. Lucullus's "phaeton and its freight" even makes their splendour sound like cargo. The best twist is that Crœsus looks up "compassionate". He pities the poor poet, but he has to look up to do it. The joke is gentle, since the poem never snarls at wealth. Still, "untroubled by desire" is a very smooth claim, and a sceptical reader might wonder whether the speaker protests a little too neatly.

The refrain's meaning shifts as it returns. In the first stanza it means "I accept my fate". In the second it is a retort to pity, and in the third it is a confession of delight. Even the winter detail has charm. The speaker finds "a corner strait" in the rain and mire, and the 'busmen "know me and my lyre", so the bus is also a small community, with place names like Brompton and the Bull-and-Gate fixing it in real streets.

The envoi tidies everything into a truce. "Princess, your splendour you require, / I, my simplicity", and both agree "Neither to rate lower nor higher." The grammar is balanced, and so is the judgement, since nobody is lectured or told to give up their carriage.

What makes the poem significant is how much it finds in an ordinary, shared form of transport. The cab vocabulary suggests a horse-drawn city, but the idea feels current: the poet as an observer of the crowd, taking part in the city and not owning a piece of it. Levy takes a courtly European form and lets it ride the top deck of a London bus. The result is light verse with a quietly democratic edge, and the pleasure of watching a city go by is treated as a sufficient reward.

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