The Book of Thel. Part II — Poem analysis

William BlakeContemplative

O little Cloud the virgin said, I charge thee to tell me Why thou complainest now when in one hour thou fade away: Then we shall seek thee but not find: ah Thel is like to thee. I pass away, yet I complain, and no one hears my voice.

The Cloud then shewd his golden head & his bright form emerg'd. Hovering and glittering on the air before the face of Thel.

O virgin know'st thou not our steeds drink of the golden springs Where Luvah doth renew his horses: lookst thou on my youth. And fearest thou because I vanish and am seen no more. Nothing remains; O maid I tell thee, when I pass away. It is to tenfold life, to love, to peace, and raptures holy: Unseen descending, weigh my light wings upon balmy flowers: And court the fair eyed dew, to take me to her shining tent The weeping virgin, trembling kneels before the risen sun. Till we arise link'd in a golden band and never part: But walk united bearing food to all our tender flowers.

Dost thou O little cloud? I fear that I am not like thee: For I walk through the vales of Har, and smell the sweetest flowers: But I feed not the little flowers: I hear the warbling birds, But I feed not the warbling birds, they fly and seek their food: But Thel delights in these no more because I fade away And all shall say, without a use this shining women liv'd, Or did she only live to be at death the food of worms.

The Cloud reclind upon his airy throne and answerd thus.

Then if thou art the food of worms, O virgin of the skies, How great thy use, how great thy blessing, every thing that lives. Lives not alone nor or itself: fear not and I will call, The weak worm from its lowly bed, and thou shalt hear its voice. Come forth worm and the silent valley, to thy pensive queen.

The helpless worm arose and sat upon the Lillys leaf, And the bright Cloud saild on, to find his partner in the vale.

Show the whole poemHide the poem

Learn Poems app

Try the Learn Poems app

Everything from the website trainer, and more: new exercises, voice recording and sharing, reminders, quick review.

A girl who fears she is pointless meets a cloud that seems untroubled by disappearing. That meeting drives this section of *The Book of Thel*, and Blake builds it as a conversation in which the roles quietly shift. Thel begins by scolding the Cloud for complaining when he will fade within the hour, but her own words give her away: "ah Thel is like to thee. / I pass away, yet I complain, and no one hears my voice." She isn't really interrogating the Cloud. She is asking whether her own fading life means anything.

The Cloud answers with a vision of vanishing as transformation. He descends "unseen" onto "balmy flowers," courts "the fair eyed dew," and is taken into her "shining tent." The two rise "link'd in a golden band" to carry "food to all our tender flowers." Death becomes a kind of marriage and a kind of work, "tenfold life, to love, to peace, and raptures holy." The word "golden" keeps recurring: his "golden head," the "golden springs" where Luvah's horses drink, the "golden band." Luvah and Har are names from Blake's private mythology, and the poem never explains them. It doesn't need to, because the gold signals a world that glows with renewal.

Thel is not convinced, and her reply is the emotional centre of the section. Her fear is not simply of dying but of dying *useless*. She walks "through the vales of Har" and smells "the sweetest flowers," yet "I feed not the little flowers," and she doesn't feed the birds either. The repeated "But I feed not" makes her list sound like a confession. She imagines others saying that "without a use this shining women liv'd," then drops to a harsher thought: perhaps she lived only "to be at death the food of worms." Notice that she borrows the Cloud's key word, "food," but in her mouth it means decay rather than nourishment.

The Cloud's final speech turns her fear into an argument. If she is the food of worms, then "How great thy use, how great thy blessing." The line that follows, "every thing that lives / Lives not alone," is the section's central idea: no life is self-contained, and even being consumed is a way of giving. The Cloud then calls up the worm itself, which "arose and sat upon the Lillys leaf." This is a small, almost comic image, since the great threat to Thel turns out to be "helpless." Yet he is addressed to "thy pensive queen," a phrase that treats the worm with courtesy and Thel with a mixture of respect and gentle teasing. The Cloud also answers Thel's first complaint that "no one hears my voice." She will hear the worm's voice, and the humblest creature will be the one to listen.

Formally, Blake uses long, rolling lines of roughly fourteen syllables with no rhyme at all. They give the dialogue an unhurried, chanting rhythm, like speech that is half song. The lines are mostly end-stopped, so each thought arrives with a small pause. The punctuation is unusual: "And fearest thou because I vanish and am seen no more." ends with a full stop where a question mark would be expected, so the Cloud's questions sound more like gentle statements. Spellings such as "shewd" and "emerg'd" add an older, slightly strange texture. Thel's speech is jagged, broken by colons and "But" clauses, while the Cloud's flows more smoothly, a contrast in temperament as much as in style.

The section is significant because it is not simply consoling. The Cloud's wisdom is attractive, but he has a "partner in the vale" to rejoin, and at the end he "saild on," leaving Thel with the worm and her thoughts. The poem lets us hear a persuasive philosophy of interdependence while leaving room to ask whether an explanation is the same as a comfort. Blake gives the gentle answer and the lingering doubt equal space, and that is what keeps the exchange alive.

Read also

More by William Blake

All poems
ContemplativeWilliam Blake

The Clod and the Pebble

"Love seeketh not itself to please, Nor for itself hath any care, But for another gives it ease, And builds a heaven in hell's despair."
CheerfulWilliam Blake

Nurse's Song

When the voices of children are heard on the green, And laughing is heard on the hill, My heart is at rest within my breast, And everything else is still.
AngryWilliam Blake

A POISON TREE

I was angry with my friend: I told my wrath, my wrath did end. I was angry with my foe: I told it not, my wrath did grow.