A Greeting — Poem analysis

W. H. DaviesCheerful

Good morning, Life--and all Things glad and beautiful. My pockets nothing hold, But he that owns the gold, The Sun, is my great friend-- His spending has no end. Hail to the morning sky, Which bright clouds measure high; Hail to you birds whose throats Would number leaves by notes; Hail to you shady bowers, And you green fields of flowers. Hail to you women fair, That make a show so rare In cloth as white as milk-- Be't calico or silk: Good morning, Life--and all Things glad and beautiful.

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From its first two words, “Good morning, Life,” Davies transforms an everyday greeting into a ceremony of gratitude. The speaker is not just waking to another day; he is saluting existence itself and the “Things glad and beautiful” that come with it. The poem’s central idea is a deliberate exchange: the speaker owns nothing, yet he counts himself rich because the sun “owns the gold” and spends it without limit. That paradox between empty pockets and infinite light gives the poem its energy. The speaker may have no money, but he is the friend of a giver whose spending “has no end.”

The construction supports this feeling. Most lines are short, with three beats, and they fall into rhyming couplets: hold/gold, friend/end, sky/high, throats/notes, bowers/flowers, fair/rare, milk/silk. The quick, regular rhythm sounds like a walker stepping lightly through a morning, while the rhymes create a sense of order and charm. The opening couplet, “Good morning, Life—and all / Things glad and beautiful,” returns at the very end, so the poem itself performs the repeated act of greeting: it wakes, praises, and returns to its starting gladness. Between the two greetings, the speaker moves outward from the sun to the sky, to birds and fields, and finally to human beings.

The imagery is a catalogue of free riches. “Hail to the morning sky, / Which bright clouds measure high” gives the clouds a measuring role, as if they mark the height of the sky with brightness. “Hail to you birds whose throats / Would number leaves by notes” is an especially playful image: birdsong is so full that it seems to count the leaves one by one in notes. The “shady bowers” and “green fields of flowers” offer coolness and colour, while the women “in cloth as white as milk— / Be’t calico or silk” bring beauty into the human world. The phrase “calico or silk” is important: beauty is not reserved for the expensive or the grand. Whether the cloth is cheap cotton or fine silk, the show is “so rare.” The poem praises what is common and can be seen by anyone with open eyes.

The repeated word “Hail” also matters. It carries a formal, almost prayer-like tone, but the poem aims that formality at very simple things: sky, birds, flowers, women, white cloth. The word “gold” appears in the first stanza as money, yet the gold belongs to the sun and is really light. The speaker’s “pockets nothing hold” does not stop him from being on joyful terms with life. “Glad” and “beautiful” are the key words of the frame; everything singled out for praise is an example of them.

What makes the poem significant is its welcome. It treats contentment not as something to achieve by owning more, but as a way of looking at the morning. The speaker greets Life as a friend, not as a debtor or a judge. In three small stanzas, Davies turns a personal good-morning into a hymn anyone can say, a reminder that the sun, the birdsong, the fields and even white cloth on a morning walk are enough. That is why the final repeat feels less like an ending than a fresh beginning.

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