Swan’s way — Poem analysis

Dave BontaContemplative

For the old swan, staying in bed is the custom; best to rest where the sun crossed the water. To the old swan, we tower and boat like blind stairs of lead.

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Swans usually arrive in poetry as ornaments: white, graceful, gliding for our benefit. Dave Bonta's swan arrives in bed. "For the old swan, / staying in bed is / the custom": the first thing we learn is that this bird has outgrown display and runs on habit. The word "custom" does quiet work here. It makes staying in bed sound less like weakness than like etiquette, a ritual an old creature has earned the right to keep. Giving a swan a bed is a small act of humanising, but the poem never turns it into sentimentality.

The poem is built from only two sentences, and both begin the same way: "For the old swan" and "To the old swan." The shift from "for" to "to" matters. The first sentence tells us what suits the swan, the habits of its day. The second tells us how things look from where the swan lies, so the camera turns around and we become the ones being watched. What the swan sees is not flattering: "we tower and boat." Those two blunt verbs reduce human life to looming over things and pushing out onto water that was never ours. There is no adjective to soften either one.

The final image is the strangest. "Like blind / stairs of lead": the line break leaves "blind" alone on the poem's shortest line, so it hangs in the air before the noun arrives. Stairs cannot see, so the adjective must be borrowed from us. We are the blind ones, perhaps to the swan, perhaps to the slowness it has learned. Or the stairs climb up into a top we cannot make out. "Lead" is heavy, grey, the metal of weights and sinking things, and it also quietly contains the verb stairs normally perform, since stairs *lead* somewhere. These ones lead nowhere we can see. From the waterline, humanity becomes a grey, ungainly flight of steps.

The sound of the poem supports this. There is no regular rhyme and no fixed metre. The lines are short, mostly four or five syllables, and they move at an unhurried pace. The nearest thing to a rhyme is "best / to rest," which makes the instruction to rest sound restful. Read aloud, the last word "lead" also chimes with "bed" from the second line. The poem begins with softness and comfort and ends with a metal weight. The closing lines get shorter too, "like blind" at two syllables and "stairs of lead" at three, as though the verse itself were sinking under what it describes.

A small detail of tense is worth noticing. The swan is advised to rest "where the sun / crossed the water," and "crossed" is past tense. The sun has already passed, and the swan lies in the track it left behind, in an afterwards. For an old creature that reads naturally as late life, a time after the brightest part of the day. The sun's crossing is also a smooth, unbroken movement across the water, which sets it against our jagged stairs. Light passes over the surface without disturbing it, while we tower and boat.

The title, "Swan's way," invites a guess. Readers who know Proust's *Swann's Way* may hear an echo, with one "n" dropped. The poem never says so, so this is an inference, but if the echo is intended it fits nicely. Proust's novel is famous for opening with a narrator in bed, and it is concerned with time, memory and the inner life. In that light, the swan's bed is not idleness but a place from which to see.

What makes this brief poem worth reading is the reversal it performs. Our habit is to look at animals and decide what they feel, and Bonta lets the animal do the looking. The result is an old swan whose stillness has the authority of experience, and a human world that seems heavy, hurried and half-blind. In under forty words the poem moves from a cosy custom to a mild rebuke, and it asks whose way of seeing deserves more trust: the one who rests in the afterglow, or the ones who rush across the water.

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