The end of history — Poem analysis

Dave BontaContemplative

Noon came by appointment after the war

and stayed till late. I see what it is: another night.

Show the whole poemHide the poem

Learn Poems app

Try the Learn Poems app

Everything from the website trainer, and more: new exercises, voice recording and sharing, reminders, quick review.

Six lines and eighteen words, under a title that promises the biggest subject imaginable. Dave Bonta's "The end of history" sets that grandeur beside a small, almost domestic scene, a visitor who arrives on time and stays too long, and lets the gap between the two do the arguing.

The poem's central move is to turn peace into a time of day. "Noon came / by appointment / after the war." Noon is the brightest point of the day, when shadows shrink and everything seems visible and settled. It also sits in the middle of the day, not at its close. The phrase "by appointment" makes this noon sound like a dignitary or a scheduled meeting, something arranged and formal, perhaps even bureaucratic. The poem doesn't say so, but the wording invites us to imagine peace as something negotiated and put in the diary. The idea underneath is that people who come out of a war may feel history has arrived at its destination, and the poem quietly says it has only reached midday.

The form supports this calm. The poem is two unrhymed tercets, and the lines are short and remarkably even. Four of the six have four syllables, and only the opening "Noon came" and the fifth line differ. That steadiness feels like an unhurried afternoon, and the plain, mostly one-syllable words add to it. Only "appointment" and "another" are long, and both do important work. One sentence runs from "Noon came" across the stanza break to "late," and the white space falls right after "after the war," like the pause that follows a war. Then the sentence resumes with "and stayed," as though peace simply carried on. Bonta also writes "till late," not "till night." The word *night* is held back until the last line, and "late" sounds like a polite euphemism, though it also carries a faint echo of "too late."

The turn comes in line five, "I see what it is." This is the poem's only "I" and its only present-tense verb, after the past tense of "came" and "stayed." It is also the longest line, so it slows slightly, as a person might when something dawns on them. The verb matters too. *See* belongs to the language of light, yet the insight arrives just as the light is leaving, which suggests we recognise an era only once it is ending. The line break adds to this. "What it is" hangs for a moment, promising a revelation, and then the next line lets the air out: "another night." The tone is dry and unsurprised, with none of the alarm we might expect from a poem about war.

The key word is "another." It implies there have been nights before, so the war itself becomes one of them, and that more will follow. Seen this way, the title is ironic. If history had really ended, noon would never end. Instead noon behaves like every other noon, arrives, stays a while, and goes. The poem treats history as a cycle of ordinary days, not as a story heading toward a final resting place.

What the poem leaves open may be its most interesting feature. "Another night" can sound ominous, a darkness about to return, but it can also sound almost comforting, because nights are ordinary and they pass. The speaker's flat "I see what it is" fits both readings, a shrug that might be weariness or might be calm acceptance. The poem also never says which war it means, only "the war," so the lines can be read against many periods and many peace settlements.

The poem is significant for how much it does by shrinking things. It takes the largest claim a title can make and tests it against the smallest unit of experience, a single day going from noon to dark. It does not argue with the idea of a final peace. It lets plain words and the shape of a day do the work, and it leaves the reader to decide whether the coming night is a warning or just the next part of the day.

Read also

More by Dave Bonta

All poems
ContemplativeDave Bonta

Plea bargain

I hear half a beat of drum to serve time have half a hope in the meantime praise God
DreamyDave Bonta

Cibola 3

I awake in the dark and shake free of sheets & blankets, of down-filled quilt. The rituals of waking– the long, hot shower, the coffee–give
ContemplativeDave Bonta

In good light

On a maple’s pale bark, a zigzag ladder—old tooth-marks from a wandering snail? Green islands of moss