Visceral — Poem analysis

Dave BontaAnxious

given the land given love an enlarged mouth makes things over

parts play a part the very heart gone to supper

Show the whole poemHide the poem

Learn Poems app

Try the Learn Poems app

Everything from the website trainer, and more: new exercises, voice recording and sharing, reminders, quick review.

The title promises guts, and the poem delivers them sideways. In six unpunctuated, lowercase lines, "Visceral" imagines a hunger so large that it takes in everything: land, love, even the heart that feels the hunger. Its central idea, as I read it, is that whatever we are given gets digested. The world and the people in it pass through the body and come out changed, and the body ends up consuming its own centre.

The opening word, "given," does two jobs at once. "Given the land, given love" can mean the gifts we receive. It can also mean the premises of a proof, as in "given X and given Y, then Z." Repeating the word sets up a logical pattern, and the third line seems to supply the conclusion: "an enlarged mouth makes things over." Yet the "therefore" is never written. The poem leaves a gap where the connective should be, and the mouth fills it. That feels right for a poem about appetite, since the mouth simply acts where reasoning would explain.

"Makes things over" is the most interesting phrase here. It can mean to remake, as in a makeover. It can also carry the older sense of handing something over, transferring it from one owner to another. A mouth that remakes things is easy to picture, because eating turns food into flesh. But the mouth also speaks, so the line might equally describe language, or even poetry, taking the land and love it was given and turning them into something new. The poem never chooses between eating and speaking. Both happen in the same organ, which is perhaps why the word "visceral" suits it so well.

The second stanza turns from large things to small ones, and the language gets playful. "Parts play a part" is a pun built on repetition: parts can be organs, or roles in a play, or shares in a process. The p sounds make the line feel almost chewed. Then comes "the very heart gone / to supper." The phrase "the very heart" is an everyday intensifier, like "the very thing," but here it also points to the literal heart at the body's centre. "Gone to supper" is the language of a household, the sort of thing you say when someone is off at a meal. After the biological vocabulary, the homely phrase is darkly funny. The heart might be absent because it is eating. It might also be what is being eaten. The poem keeps both readings open, and the unsettling idea is that love is both the diner and the dinner.

The movement of the poem is worth tracing. It begins outside the body, with land, moves to love, then to the mouth, and finally to the heart. The world is taken in step by step, and the poem travels inward along the same route food would, ending somewhere deep inside.

The sound patterns are quiet but deliberate. There is no strict rhyme, but the two stanzas end on matching unstressed syllables, "over" and "supper," which makes a loose echo across the white space. Within the second stanza, "parts," "part," and "heart" form a chain of near-rhymes, so the heart is already tangled up with the idea of pieces before it disappears. The rhythm is uneven in a way that helps the meaning. The short lines "given the land" and "given love" are brisk, almost like entries in a list. Then the third line swells into a heap of stressed words, "enlarged mouth makes things," which is hard to say quickly. The line becomes a mouthful, as if the enlarged mouth had taken over the syntax. The last line, "to supper," falls away softly and ends the poem on a domestic note rather than a dramatic one.

The poem's significance lies in this compression. In very few words it gives a way of thinking about appetite, whether for food, land, love, or words, as something that transforms everything it touches, including the one who feels it. It does this without explaining itself, and it leaves a faint sense of unease under its wordplay. A reader may finish it smiling at the pun and then wonder what exactly has gone to supper.

Read also

More by Dave Bonta

All poems
ContemplativeDave Bonta

Plea bargain

I hear half a beat of drum to serve time have half a hope in the meantime praise God
DreamyDave Bonta

Cibola 3

I awake in the dark and shake free of sheets & blankets, of down-filled quilt. The rituals of waking– the long, hot shower, the coffee–give
ContemplativeDave Bonta

In good light

On a maple’s pale bark, a zigzag ladder—old tooth-marks from a wandering snail? Green islands of moss