Making history — Poem analysis

reading for memory’s sake a history of the present

I make changes to it you a child still

and me in an office pickled in wine and rage

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The title of Dave Bonta's "Making history" works on two levels. In everyday speech, to make history is to do something momentous, something that will be remembered. Here the phrase turns quiet and a little uncomfortable, because the speaker is making history in the plainer sense: manufacturing it, one edit at a time. The poem is six short lines about reading the record of a life and quietly changing it, and about what that act reveals of the person doing the changing.

The first couplet sets up a paradox. The speaker is "reading for memory's sake", which sounds noble, like a duty to the past. But the next line calls what is being read "a history of the present". History is supposed to be finished and settled, so a history of the *present* is a record still being written, and still open to revision. The grammar adds to the slipperiness. "Reading for memory's sake" has no stated subject and floats free, as if the act were almost involuntary. Only in the second couplet does a firm "I" appear, and with it comes the admission: "I make changes to it." The line is flat and unembarrassed, and that bluntness is where the poem's tension lies. The speaker does not say what the changes are or why they are made. We are left to feel that reading and rewriting are the same gesture.

What follows is the poem's most delicate move: "you a child still". The line has no verb, and it can be read two ways. "Still" can mean *even now*, so that the person addressed remains a child in the speaker's version of events. It can also mean *motionless*, a child held in place like a figure in a photograph. Both readings fit, and both suggest that editing the past also freezes the people in it. The next line repeats the same verbless pattern: "and me in an office". Nothing is said about what the speaker is doing there, only where he is. The two figures stand in parallel but far apart, one fixed in childhood, the other fixed at a desk. Judging by these lines, the distance between them is part of what is being edited or regretted, though the poem never says so outright.

The final line is the only one that gives us a body: "pickled in wine and rage". After five lines of abstraction (memory, history, the present, changes), we get something sour-smelling and physical. The verb "pickled" is a clever choice because it carries two meanings. Pickled means drunk, in slang, but pickling is also a way of preserving things, which echoes the poem's concern with memory and the keeping of records. The speaker has been preserved in the very feelings that may be distorting his account. Wine and rage sit side by side as if they were the same substance, one a drink and the other a mood, both soaking into him. The line also suggests that the person revising the past is not a neutral archivist. He is angry and impaired, and he is holding the pen.

The form matches this restraint. The poem has three unrhymed couplets, no capital letters and no punctuation, so the lines run into one another with no full stops to settle them. The lines are short, mostly six or seven syllables, and the shortest, "you a child still", falls at the emotional center. There is no rhyme to give the reader a comforting click, though a soft repetition of short *i* sounds in "history", "it", "still", "office" and "pickled" gives the poem a faint, nagging hum. The repeated *m* of "memory's", "make" and "me" also keeps the speaker's self lurking inside the act of remembering.

The poem matters because it compresses a large and uncomfortable idea into very little space: the past we carry is something we keep making, and our motives are rarely clean. It does not condemn the speaker or excuse him. It simply lets him describe himself, and that honesty is what makes the poem linger after the last line.

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