Flow — Poem analysis

such light full yet empty of people

all that corn thinking to itself

a river running into the river

Show the whole poemHide the poem

Learn Poems app

Try the Learn Poems app

Everything from the website trainer, and more: new exercises, voice recording and sharing, reminders, quick review.

Nineteen words, no punctuation, no capital letters, and not one finite verb: Dave Bonta's "Flow" is built almost entirely from fragments. It reads less like a statement than like a few things noticed in quick succession. Yet the three couplets add up to a quiet argument about what a landscape is like when people step out of it.

The first couplet sets up the paradox. "Such light" has the breathless quality of an exclamation, though the poet gives it no exclamation mark. The next line, "full yet empty of people," divides the scene in two. The place is *full*, presumably of light, and *empty* of human beings. The word "yet" admits that these ideas should clash, but the poem lets both stand. Emptiness here is not a loss. The absence of people seems to be what leaves room for so much light. There is also a small puzzle in the phrase. Someone must be looking at the scene in order to call it empty of people. The speaker has quietly written himself or herself out of the picture, as if becoming part of the stillness.

That makes the second couplet more surprising. "All that corn / thinking to itself" gives the one thing in the poem that looks like human activity to a field of crops. The phrase "all that" suggests a vast, uniform mass, rows stretching further than the eye can follow, and the poet treats that mass as a single mind turned inward. "To itself" matters: this thinking is private and unspoken. Judging by the imagery, the poet may be hearing the rustle of leaves, or watching wind pass across the field, and reading it as a kind of murmured thought. Either way, the human faculty that the first couplet removed turns up again in the corn. The world is not blank without us. It has its own inner life.

The final couplet turns from stillness to motion, and it carries the title. "A river / running into the river" is almost a riddle. How can a river run into the river? The shift from "a" to "the" is the key. An indefinite, particular river becomes the definite one, as though every stream, once it arrives, is recognised as part of the single great flow. It can also be read as the corn field itself, moving in waves under the wind, finally becoming the water it has been resembling. That is an inference, but the title invites it. "Flow" names what links light, corn and water: everything in the poem is in passage, and nothing is held still.

The sound of the poem works toward the same effect. There is no rhyme and no regular metre. Each couplet pairs a short line with a longer one (two syllables then six, three then five, three then six), so every stanza seems to open out, a little like a stream widening. The last couplet is thick with liquid consonants: "river," "running," "into," "river." The r and n sounds slide into one another, and the word "river" appears at both the start and the end of the passage, so the line loops back on itself. The missing punctuation reinforces this. With no full stop to close it, the poem does not so much end as keep going past its last word.

The sequence of the three images is worth noticing too. First comes seeing (light), then thinking (corn), then moving (river). The poem passes from perception through consciousness into pure motion, as though attention, once it relaxes, dissolves into the thing it watches.

What makes "Flow" worth reading is how much it does without argument or explanation. It gives a small lesson in attentiveness. The scene is "empty of people," and yet it is crowded with light, thought and water. The poem suggests that the human observer is not the centre of the world, only one of the things that flows through it, and it says so in less time than it takes to read this sentence aloud.

Read also

More by Dave Bonta

All poems
ContemplativeDave Bonta

Plea bargain

I hear half a beat of drum to serve time have half a hope in the meantime praise God
DreamyDave Bonta

Cibola 3

I awake in the dark and shake free of sheets & blankets, of down-filled quilt. The rituals of waking– the long, hot shower, the coffee–give
ContemplativeDave Bonta

In good light

On a maple’s pale bark, a zigzag ladder—old tooth-marks from a wandering snail? Green islands of moss