I. 8. 73 — Poem analysis

Josephine ClareContemplative

walk on water skate on ice. what color ice? my skates are alfred johnson skates. PAT. AUG. 27. 1918 NO 1277137 CHICAGO USA NOT CONNECTED WITH NESTOR JOHNSON MFG CO. does ice mirror? it is day ice is silver metallic blue color of mirror of skates. lake's face we glide over used to mirror sky. did the lake look forward to freezing point? to when the liquid surface crusts? innocent enough it starts. water cooled turns heavy sinks warmer water surfaces. continuous cooling. watch the sun skid on ice. i am joking he never does detests slippery surface. it starts with a shiver continuous cooling goose pimples. for a second a certain expectant dullness of the surface then a thin skin forms like on milk cooling continuously. ice is less dense so floats its power lies in expansion. do you think skating a substitute for flying? empires of ice expand below. domain of the beautiful but terrible ice queen. palace walls of drifted ice windows of bitter wind a hundred halls ablaze by northern lights. gemini fly a lot in dreams as long as they are light. air is their element. at night ice is black even from above i guess i should know. we love to skate at night on a surface well lit.

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Walk on water, skate on ice: the poem begins with a miracle and then quickly downgrades it to a hobby. What follows is a speaker on a frozen lake, thinking out loud about colour, physics, fairy tale and star signs, until the pleasure of gliding is shadowed by one quiet remark about the dark. The central idea is the gap between surface and depth. Skating works only because a thin layer holds, and the poem keeps reminding us what lies under it.

The first moves are playful and odd. The speaker reads the stamp on the blade, "PAT. AUG. 27. 1918 NO 1277137 CHICAGO USA NOT CONNECTED WITH NESTOR JOHNSON MFG CO", in the only capital letters in the poem. After so much lowercase murmuring, the inscription is bureaucratic and slightly comic, a legal disclaimer stuck onto a daydream. It anchors the poem in a real object before the imagination takes off. The question "does ice mirror?" gets a tangled answer: the ice is "silver metallic blue color of mirror of skates." The colour of the ice is borrowed from the steel, so blade and surface reflect each other, with no clear sense of which is the original.

Then the poem imagines the lake's side of things. "did the lake look forward to freezing point?" gives the water a will and a body. The science is reported plainly: "water cooled turns heavy sinks warmer water surfaces." But the language keeps slipping into the physical. Freezing "starts with a shiver", brings "goose pimples", and forms "a thin skin ... like on milk." The lake becomes something that feels cold, and the repeated phrase "continuous cooling" works like a slow chill. There is humour too. The sun is a "he" who "detests slippery surface", and the speaker immediately retracts the idea ("i am joking"), a small reminder that this whole mind is playing as it goes.

The form suits that drifting thought. There are no line breaks, no end rhyme and no capitals apart from the stamp. The poem runs as a block of short sentences, some of them clipped ("it is day"), others sliding on without punctuation ("it starts with a shiver continuous cooling goose pimples"). The unpunctuated stretches feel like the glide itself. The sound work is subtle but constant: "silver", "surface", "skates", "skid" and "slippery" keep up a hiss like blades on ice.

The poem turns on "its power lies in expansion." Ice is less dense, so it floats, and what looked like a still floor becomes a force. The speaker asks whether skating is "a substitute for flying", and the imagery goes underneath and upward at once: "empires of ice expand below", then a "beautiful but terrible ice queen" with "palace walls of drifted ice windows of bitter wind a hundred halls ablaze by northern lights." This is the richest language in the poem, and it sounds like a fairy tale. Then comes a sudden swerve into astrology: "gemini fly a lot in dreams as long as they are light. air is their element." Gemini is traditionally an air sign, and judging by the first person elsewhere, the speaker may be identifying with it, though the poem never says so. "Light" matters here. Flying depends on being weightless, and the word returns in the final line.

That line is the poem's quiet shock. By day the ice is silver and blue, but "at night ice is black even from above i guess i should know." The throwaway "i guess i should know" suggests experience, perhaps of looking down into that darkness, but the poem gives no explanation and I would not invent one. The ending is a pledge to carry on regardless: "we love to skate at night on a surface well lit." The pronoun shifts from "i" to "we", and the surface is kept bright by artificial light, as if the group agreed to look only at the lit part.

The poem is significant for how much it holds in a small space. It treats a physics lesson, a patent stamp, a myth and a horoscope as equally good ways of looking at one frozen lake, and none of them cancels the black water the last lines admit to. Even the title, «I. 8. 73», reads like a date jotted in a notebook, which suits a poem that feels caught mid-thought. What lingers is that gliding on a bright surface, with the dark beneath, is both the delight and the unease of skating.

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* * *

If memory were only in the head (do not sleep more than once with any one the body is a stupid red neck