Red letters — Poem analysis

Dave BontaCheerful

Dear Dana,

I climbed the ridge to look for a poem & came back with supper instead: five pounds of chicken mushroom, freshly sprouted from the end of a log & dripping with moisture.

A couple of rove beetles scrambled in & out of fissures as I began breaking off hand-sized fans & nestling the boneless yellow flesh in a shopping bag. In this supermarket,

the shelves themselves are edible. Red letters on the bag said THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU THANK YOU Have a Nice Day.

Looking in at the bright crop, I felt as if I’d raided the crayoned worlds of first graders & lifted the sun from the top left corner of every drawing. I left a little behind for the beetles.

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Dave Bonta's "Red letters" begins with a small joke that turns out to carry the whole poem. The speaker climbs a ridge "to look for a poem" and comes back "with supper instead." Anyone who has stared at a blank page will recognise the feeling of searching hard for something and being handed something else. But the "instead" is misleading. By the end, supper and poem have become the same thing, and the letter we have been reading is the proof.

The letter form matters. "Dear Dana," gives the poem a chatty, private tone, as if the speaker is telling a friend about his afternoon. We never learn who Dana is, and the poem doesn't need us to. The easy voice lets the language stay plain while the images do the surprising work. The title adds a pun, whether or not it was intended: "letters" are both the printed characters on a bag and the kind of thing you send to someone. There is also an echo of "red-letter day," the phrase for a special occasion, which suits an afternoon this good.

The form is quiet. There are four stanzas of five lines each, no rhyme, and no fixed metre. The sentences run across line breaks in a natural speaking rhythm. The most interesting break comes between stanzas: "In this supermarket, // the shelves themselves are edible." The pause makes us wait a beat for the joke, and when it arrives it reverses our usual picture of the shop. Normally food sits on shelves. Here the shelf is the food, because chicken mushroom grows in tiered, bracket-like fans from logs. The poem's sound is soft and wet in the first stanza ("freshly sprouted," "dripping with moisture"), then physical and tactile in "breaking off hand-sized fans" and "nestling the boneless yellow flesh." "Boneless" is a nice touch. It plays on the mushroom's name, since chicken is what you'd usually buy boneless, and it makes the forest find sound like a supermarket product.

The centre of the poem is the bag. Its printed message, "THANK YOU THANK YOU / THANK YOU THANK YOU / Have a Nice Day," is the kind of automatic politeness we stop noticing. Set down in a forest, with beetles scrambling nearby, the words change meaning. Nobody at a till is saying them. They read instead as the speaker's own gratitude, or as the woods speaking through a piece of everyday packaging. The capitals and the repeated lines on the page also make the thanks sound almost like a chant. Corporate language gets recycled into something closer to a blessing.

The last stanza gives the poem its most vivid image. Looking at the pale gold haul, the speaker feels he has "raided the crayoned worlds of first graders / & lifted the sun from the top left / corner of every drawing." The comparison works on several levels. Children's pictures usually put the sun in the corner, a bright circle with lines for rays, and the mushrooms are bright, round-edged and simple in the same way. The simile also brings in a child's way of seeing: direct, delighted, free of fuss. At the same time the verbs are criminal, "raided" and "lifted." The speaker knows that taking is taking, even when it's gentle.

That is why the final line is so short and so important: "I left a little behind for the beetles." It is flat and unshowy, and it settles the moral accounting. The beetles appeared early as living things going about their business among the fissures, and now they get their share. The speaker is a guest in the supermarket, not its owner.

The poem is significant because it makes a large idea feel modest. It suggests that poems, like mushrooms, can't always be hunted down. They turn up when you pay attention to what is in front of you, and they come with a duty to be thankful and to leave something behind. It does this with humour, a few exact images and no lecture, and it ends by giving back a little of what it took.

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